четверг, 15 марта 2012 г.
BUSINESS BRIEFS
No. 20 Michigan insists it won't overlook UMass
ANN ARBOR, Mich. (AP) — Michigan has prepared and played well enough to win at Notre Dame and to beat Connecticut.
The 20th-ranked Wolverines might be able to get away with a lackluster showing and still beat Massachusetts on Saturday, but coach Rich Rodriguez does not want to find out if that's true.
"We're still not good enough to play poorly and win," Rodriguez said. "I don't want to test that out."
Rodriguez insisted he's not looking at the matchup with an FCS team as a way to give dynamic quarterback Denard Robinson a break from carrying the ball nearly 30 times a game. He simply wants to do whatever it takes to win, knowing James Madison knocked off Virginia Tech …
Mass. Ph.D. program explores genocide psychology
As a clinical psychologist, Cristina Andriani counseled victims of physical and sexual abuse, Vietnam War veterans and cult survivors. As a doctoral candidate, her understanding of trauma is expanding globally as she tries to unravel the psychological underpinnings of genocide.
The first student in what Clark University in Worcester, Mass., calls the first postgraduate program of its kind in the world, Andriani is researching the deeper mysteries behind some of mankind's most horrifying atrocities of the last century, from the perspectives of both the tormentor and the tormented.
While the political and historical aspects of the Holocaust and other mass …
среда, 14 марта 2012 г.
Tonight
Rain likely. Lows in the mid-50s. Chance of rain 60 percent.
Friday
Rain likely. Highs around 70.Chance of rain 60 percent.
Saturday
Mostly cloudy with …
North Korea refuses to resume talks with U.S.
North Korea has continued to reject U.S. offers to resume bilateral discussions, which could include nuclear, missile, and conventional weapons issues.
At a July 26 press conference in Hanoi, Secretary of State Colin Powell stressed a willingness to resume discussions quickly with North Korea on the "broad agenda" laid out by President George W. Bush in June. At that time, Bush controversially called for bilateral talks that would link progress on nuclear and missile issues to a "less threatening" North Korean conventional military presence on the Korean Peninsula. Powell emphasized a U.S. willingness to "meet any time and any place" to "talk about anything."
Despite this …
NY federal prosecutor leaving
A high-profile federal prosecutor has told superiors at the Justice Department that he is leaving his job in New York to join a private law firm.
As the U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York, Michael Garcia oversaw the prostitution investigation that led to the resignation of then-New York Gov. Eliot Spitzer. He also had a big role in probes of …
Factory orders drop 1.5% - biggest fall in 1 1/2 years
WASHINGTON (AP) Orders to U.S. factories fell 1.4 percent inFebruary, the largest decline in 1 1/2 years, the government reportedyesterday.
The Commerce Department said orders totaled a seasonallyadjusted $198.6 billion in February, down from $201.4 billion inJanuary.
The decline followed three consecutive increases and was thelargest drop since a 1.6 percent drop in September, 1984.
The decline was blamed largely on a 30 percent drop in ordersfor defense equipment and to a 10 percent …
Judge: Disbarred D.A. Must Leave Now
DURHAM, N.C. - A judge said Monday he would order Durham County District Attorney Mike Nifong to leave his duties immediately after he was disbarred for his misconduct in the Duke University rape case.
The veteran prosecutor had announced earlier in the day he would leave July 13. But that wasn't soon enough for Superior Court Judge Orlando Hudson, who decided late Monday to suspend Nifong from office.
As part of the suspension, Hudson said he would order the sheriff on Tuesday to prevent Nifong from carrying out any duties of the district attorney.
"I have thought about the situation, and this is way I wish to proceed," said Hudson who initially agreed to allow …
French Open Qualifying Results
Qualifying results Thursday for the French Open starting on Sunday at Roland Garros (seedings in parentheses):
Singles
Men
Second Round
Paolo Lorenzi, Italy, def. Daniel Munoz-de la Nava, Spain, 1-6, 6-3, 6-3.
Sebastien de Chaunac, France, def. Pablo Santos, Spain, 6-7 (1), 6-2, 6-2.
Daniel Brands (20), Germany, def. Scoville Jenkins, United States, 7-5, 1-6, 6-3.
Ilia Bozoljac (21), Serbia, def. Joseph Sirianni, Australia, 6-7 (5), 6-3, 6-4.
Santiago Giraldo (19), Colombia, def. Julian Reister, Germany, 7-6 (4), 6-7 (5), 6-2.
Flavio Cipolla (8), Italy, def. Luis Horna, Peru, 6-4, …
George C. Scott's lost cause is eminently forgettable
Even the still-vital acting force of George C. Scott gets lost inthe meandering plot of "Finding the Way Home," an ABC movie airingfrom 8 to 10 tonight on WLS-Channel 7.
The feebleminded fable, starring Scott as the dottering,tormented owner of a failing hardware store, resembles a softenedversion of an Arthur Miller drama. Scott has roared and wept in thetragic role of Willy Loman in Miller's "Death of a Salesman." Nowhe's reduced to mere muttering as Texas merchant Max Mittelmann in asentimental contrivance that could be called "Rebirth of aShopkeeper."
"Finding the Way Home" joins the summer feature film "RegardingHenry" in advancing the notion that men can …
Luke Bryan, Eric Church to headline ACM concerts
NASHVILLE, Tennessee (AP) — Two of country music's hottest rising stars will headline The Academy of Country Music's annual weekend concerts in Las Vegas this year.
Luke Bryan and Eric Church will perform March 30-31 at the Fremont Street Experience, the popular sixth annual show that's free to the public. Bryan will headline Friday's show and Church will handle Saturday. The rest of the lineup will …
Gold up
Gold for current delivery closed at $756.00 per troy ounce Tuesday on the New York Mercantile Exchange, up …
BP's Gulf oil spill costs rise to $6.1 billion
BP says its costs to respond to the massive oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico has risen to about $6.1 billion.
That includes expenses for relief well drilling, the static kill and cementing procedure done on the blown out oil well, grants to Gulf coast states and claims paid to people who have lost income or profits because of the spill.
BP PLC says that as of Saturday, more than 145,000 claims had been submitted and more than 103,900 had been paid, totaling $319 million.
An estimated 207 million gallons (784 million liters) of oil spilled into the Gulf of Mexico after the Deepwater Horizon rig exploded off Louisiana on April 20. The explosion killed 11 workers and sent crude into delicate coastal marshes and tar balls washing on to beaches.
вторник, 13 марта 2012 г.
OHM ON THE RANGE
Yoga lovers take their mats into the mountains
Boise yogis can head for the hills-or canyons, actually-when the Boise State outdoor program leads a yoga backpacking trip to Red Rock Canyons. Yoga's emphasis on all things natural will pair nicely with great gulps of fresh Idaho air to clear the mind as well as the lungs. Because the meals, transportation, equipment and instruction all come neatly packaged in the two-day trip, anyone wondering what it might feel like to try holding a tree pose next to an actual tree may want to grab his or her yoga mat and get out of town.
Jackie Baer teaches yoga at the Boise State Recreation Center and will lead the yoga practice during the trip. A coordinated effort between the fitness program and the outdoor rec center at Boise State, the trip aims to fuse yoga with nature for a weekend by providing participants with the backpacks, the destination and the instructor.
"Being out there and being surrounded by [nature], you feel it more," says Baer. She hopes that this trip will be the start of a good thing for Boise yoga lovers. If the two-day trip proves to be popular, the outdoor center may be able to host longer trips on a regular basis.
First popularized in the West by B.K.S. Iyengar, yoga is a practice that incorporates asanas (poses) and pranayama (breath) to attain a state of "yoga," defined as a joining of the individual and universal souls. Yoga teachers will be quick to point out that yoga is a study and observation of one's spirituality, not a religion.
Boise Yoga Center has been open in Boise for 13 years and is run by Vickie Aldridge, who has been teaching yoga in Boise for almost 18 years. She is one of six Idaho-based Iyengar-certified instructors recognized by the Iyengar Yoga National Association of the United States (INYAUS).
Because Iyengar was the first to popularize yoga in the West, Iyengar yoga is the foundation out of which many forms of yoga have sprouted, and Iyengar-certified instructors are a sure bet that one's personal yoga practice has a strong foundation.
"When I started yoga, I said, 'Wow. Now I've found something,'" Aldridge explains. "Yoga tells you the how, why and what if." Yoga is a way to balance the mind, body and spirit.
Attending yoga classes at a gym makes yoga seem like stretching, not something spiritual. When yoga gets out of the gym, though, and the distractions of everyday life are left behind, being on a yoga mat can stop being an hour of exercise crammed in between meetings.
For one weekend, there are no meetings. Time spent focusing on the self could lead to the dissipation of what Baer believes to be a dominating problem we face as busy people.
"We've become human doings, and we've ceased to be human beings," she says.
A Yoga Fit-certified instructor, Baer has been teaching yoga in Boise for eight years and has led one other outdoor yoga trip to the base of Castle Peak in the White Cloud Mountains. Yoga outside can't help but improve on studio practice. The style of yoga that can be found in every gym in Boise focuses on only one aspect of the ancient practice.
"I call it 'club yoga,'" Baer says. Accessible, fast-paced and power-centered, club yoga is the new yoga for many Boiseans. It focuses on the movement, strength, flexibility and toning aspects of yoga. Baer teaches at Idaho Athletic Club, Total Woman Fitness and the Boise State rec center, all of which offer yoga as part of their fitness schedule. Even Gold's Gym, the original strongman's gym, has revamped its profile to include yoga as part of its program.
Club yoga has conformed to the American need for speed.
"It's hard for people to slow down," Baer laments. "They get bored. They want to move on. They want to go to their luncheons."
But what has evolved out of blending busy American culture with meditative yoga is something generally called power yoga. Baer struggles to help students find the meditative soul of yoga during their daily hour of power.
"Americans are so driven," Baer says. "It's hard for them to think that they're doing something just by relaxing and breathing." If spending a weekend in the wilderness away from their Blackberries helps people to connect with the contemplative side of yoga, Baer is ready to help them put on their backpacks.
Mark McClenahan has been teaching yoga at the YMCA since 1996. He agrees that people feel like they aren't doing anything when they sit still. Eyes wide, he says, "Maybe they're not [doing anything]." Maybe, he says, that's the point. It's hard not to get philosophical when talking with local yogis, and McClenahan puts the purpose of yoga practice into perspective.
"Most people's experience [with yoga] is the physical side," he explains, "but if they hang with it, they become more accepting of the other aspects."
The other aspects are the other seven out of eight limbs of yoga, which basically act as a guideline for how to live a life of worth. The limbs act as a handbook to living morally, becoming selfdisciplined, observing one's health and recognizing that we are spiritual beings.
A tradition passed from generation to generation in India, yoga was handed from teacher to student for over 5,000 years.
In America, yoga has only taken about a century to filter through the gurus, hippies and Californians to your grandma here in Boise.
"I teach senior yoga. They're all in chairs," says Baer. In addition to senior yoga there is prenatal yoga, mommy and me yoga, yoga for kids, teen yoga, hot yoga, power yoga ... praise yoga? Even Christians who are otherwise wary of the philosophy behind yoga can find benefits in getting all pretzeled up.
"Yoga should be for everybody," Baer says. The fact that yoga is everywhere may be an indicator of its popularity with or without those other seven limbs.
For local yogis, whether a weekend in the wilderness will be enough to guide them toward enlightenment will be tested when they don their backpacks in a few weeks. There is no doubt that a weekend spent outside during one of Idaho's perfect springs will have some effect on the soul. If that effect comes from making like a tree on a yoga mat, then go on and get out of town.
Yoga backpacking trip, April 21-22, $80 members/$120 nonmembers. Registration includes group camping equipment, food, transportation and yoga instruction. Deadline to register is April 16. Pre-trip meeting April 18, 7 p.m., Student Recreation Center classroom, 1515 University Dr. For more information, call 208-426-1592.
Leipheimer chasing 4th Tour of California title
SOUTH LAKE TAHOE, California (AP) — Levi Leipheimer will have to fend off a strong international field of Tour de France contenders, including two-time runner-up Andy Schleck, to win his fourth title in the Tour of California.
The 800-mile (1,287-kilometer) race is scheduled to start Sunday with a 118.7-mile (190-kilometer) loop around Lake Tahoe.
The 37-year-old Leipheimer, riding for Radio Shack, was third last year, 25 seconds behind Australia's Michael Rogers. Rogers won't ride this year because of a virus that caused him to miss training time.
"It's been a bit of an up and down year," said Leipheimer, who finished third overall in the Vuelta a Andalucia and eighth in the Paris-Nice races this year. "The past month has been better. We do have a strong team. We have a team that can defend the lead if we take it, and another rider, Chris Horner, who can win it."
Luxembourg's Schleck, second to Spain's Alberto Contador by 39 seconds in last year's Tour de France, has been training near Lake Tahoe for five days. He's competing in California rather than prepare for the Tour de France in the current Tour of Italy.
"It's no secret if I say my goal is the Tour de France," Schleck said. "But here, if I can follow Levi in the climbs, I think I can have a good race."
Schleck and seven Leopard-Trek teammates will take part in the event after teammate Wouter Weylandt of Belgium died Monday following a crash in the third stage of the Tour of Italy.
"I'm not going to sit back and relax in the peloton," said Schleck, whose team will wear black wristbands to honor Weylandt. "I will say I'm going for the classification (overall title) and if there's an opportunity for a stage. But we'll have to see how it goes on the road."
American Dave Zabriskie, second in the Tour of California last year, is also entered in the sixth annual event, as are four other top-10 overall finishers from 2010.
Predicted snow might force organizers to use one of several contingency shortened or re-routed courses. The first stage isn't scheduled dip below 6,200 feet (1,889 meters).
Stage 2 on Monday will begin at Squaw Valley and take the riders 133.2 miles (214 kilometers) to Sacramento. The route will include the climb to Donner Pass at 7,100 feet (2,164 meters) and then a sharply descending route to the city.
In addition to beginning at altitude for the first time, the race will also have two new mountaintop finishes, scheduled in stages 4 and 7.
The eight-day race will end May 22 with an 82.3-mile (132-kilometer) stage from Santa Clarita to Thousand Oaks.
Lindsay Lohan's defense attorney resigns from case
Lindsay Lohan's criminal defense attorney has resigned from the actress' case.
The move came shortly after Shawn Chapman Holley issued a statement Thursday criticizing a judge's 90-day jail sentence for the "Mean Girls" star.
Holley called the sentence "harsh and unfair," but said the 24-year-old actress would abide by its terms and report to jail as planned.
A representative for Holley confirmed Thursday that the attorney had withdrawn from the case and that her remarks remained valid, but no other details were immediately available.
Los Angeles Superior Court Marsha Revel sentenced Lohan to jail and three months in rehab on Tuesday after a daylong hearing. She determined the star violated her probation by missing seven of her weekly alcohol education classes.
RALPH MCTELL
RALPH MCTELL One of the great storytellers, Ralph McTell, is nowcelebrating more than 40 years on the road and brings his latestshow to the Chapel Arts Centre, Bath, tonight.
Known for his virtuoso guitar style, he is primarily a prolificand gifted songwriter.
With a style that invites you into a unique world, he weaves anarrative that is both significant and poignant.
Ralph made his debut in 1968 with the album Eight Frames A Secondand in 1974 the release of Streets Of London earned him an IvorNovello Award.
In 1993, Nanci Griffith recorded From Clare To Here on her GrammyAward winning album and in 2002 he was presented with theprestigious Lifetime Achievement Award at the BBC Radio 2 FolkAwards.
His rich baritone voice and his virtuosity on guitar promise avery special evening.
For ticket availability call 01225 461700.
The power and value of friendship
Albert Einstein once said, "The significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them." Therefore, any true change in our lifestyle is preceded by a change in our thinking! Different choices produce different results! In order to make different choices, we must introduce new information into our decision making process. As we seek to positively activate our power of choice we must ask ourselves two questions: How does new information enter my life? How can I determine if the information I'm receiving is "good" information?
Knowledge comes to us through books, education, television and most importantly through our relationships. More specifically, friendships are one of the primary sources of knowledge in our lives. A friend is anyone we've chosen to open up our hearts and lives to in our journey of personal development. Because of our vulnerability to them, friends have the power to influence our thinking. When we call someone friend, it implies that we trust them. We turn to our friends when the chips are down and we are in need of advice and guidance. We trust them to give us counsel that will bring wisdom and insight into the confusing and dark areas of our lives.
Therefore, it is critical that you be selective in your choice of friends. Relationships should not be formed strictly on the basis of emotion and comfort. Challenge yourself to form friendships with people who share the same values, but have different perspectives. If all of your friends think and act just like you do, then how can they contribute to your growth and development? Remember, it is in the multitude of counsel that wise decisions are made.
My godfather often says, "If you have nine broke friends, you're bound to be the tenth one." Why? Because friends are constantly withdrawing from or depositing into our lives. They influence and affect our behavior. Friendships and relationships are pivotal to our personal development and spiritual growth because they provide us with a sense of belonging and acceptance. In the safety of friendship, we grapple with our issues and the difficult situations of life. Real friendship is a place of comfort that challenges you toward growth!
How do you spell wisdom?
Everyone is capable of bringing wisdom to some area of life. Your job is to understand your friends' strong points and weaknesses so that when you need advice in certain areas, you know exactly where to turn. To determine whether or not your friend is wise in a certain area, simply evaluate the fruit their actions have produced in their lives. Are they successful in the area you need help? Would you really like to have what they have? You don't take your car to the veterinarian when it needs a tune-up because you know that isn't their area of expertise. If you are dealing with marital challenges, you must be mindful of the weight you give advice from your twice-divorced friend. Their experience in relationships might not necessarily translate into practical wisdom for you. Knowing your friends and evaluating the quality of their lives and counsel will help you to determine how much of your peace you are willing to place in their minds and mouths!
Journaling exercises:
List five of your closest friends and evaluate their different strengths. Have you properly utilized the value of their wisdom in your life?
What three friendships do you have that might possibly be influencing you in negative ways?
Encouragement CoachTM Felicia T. Scott is the author of Thrive! 7 Strategies for Extraordinary Living. Scott speaks to audiences across the country about personal development, emotional/spiritual health and journaling. To order Thrive! or receive a free copy of Extraordinary LivingTM, her monthly newsletter, please visit www.feliciascott.com.
Article copyright REAL TIMES Inc.
OUTSIDE THE LAW
OUTSIDE THE LAW
It seems in America that our world-history education falls flat, making movies about historical events all the more appealing. Outside the Law is the story of three Algerian brothers in France during World War Il and subsequent years. While we've all studied the American side of it, we could be a little hazy on the details of Algerian independence and the Algerian War.
After the brothers lose their home in Algeria, they find themselves in very different places: Messaoud becomes a member of the French army in Indochina, Abdelkader is a leader for Algerian independence in France, and Said moves to Paris, making money in clubs and boxing halls. Curious connections bring the siblings together again to fight for their home country's freedom.
- Lizzy Duffy
Efforts to find Bradley sisters renewed; New $20,000 reward offered for information on missing sisters
Nearly three years after Tionda and Diamond Bradley were reported missing by their mother from their Bronzeville residence, a reward of $20,000 has been offered for information regarding their whereabouts.
Ross Rice, a spokesperson with the Chicago office of the FBI, told the Chicago Defender on Monday he wasn't aware of the reward being as much as $20,000. He did say, however, the possibility exists that some civic organization may have anonymously increased the reward money.
"We (FBI) offered a reward of $10,000 when they were first reported missing," Ross said. "It's a local matter under jurisdiction of the Chicago Police Department," Rice said.
"I know part of it is from the FBI," said Pat Camden, a spokesperson with the Chicago Police Department.
"We're putting it (reward money) out as $20,000," he confirmed on Monday, though he declined to say where the additional money came from.
Rev. Paul Jakes, a Chicago activist who followed up on a lead that the girls were spotted at a Wal-Mart store in Indianapolis, Indiana last month, said he connected with over 20 churches and businesses in that area and conveyed the need for them to assist in the search for the girls.
"We were out on the streets, went to missions, veteran organizations, passed out flyers to Masonic groups and made connections with private investigators there," Rev. Jakes said. "There were significant leads that we followed up on.
"At least it has given us some hope that the children are still alive," Rev. Jakes continued.
Rev. Jakes, though thankful, said he had no knowledge of where the additional funds came from to increase the reward money. He did say that some of the travel he's done in association with the search for the girls would not have been possible without the help of certain philanthropists, including Spencer Leak Sr. of the A.R. Leak and Sons Funeral Chapels.
"I wouldn't have been able to get there without the help of Leak and Sons Funeral Homes. He (Leak) provided the funds for me to be able to get there."
Tionda, who was 11 at the time of her disappearance and listed at 4'2" and 70 pounds with a medium build, medium complexion, brown eyes, long black hair (worn in ponytails) and a quarter size scar on her left forearm, would be 14 if found alive today.
Diamond, who was four years at the time of her disappearance and described as approximately 3' tall and weighing 35 pounds, medium built, medium complexion, brown eyes, long black hair (worn in ponytails) and a scar on the left side of her head at the hairline, would be seven years if found alive today.
The sisters were last seen in the area of 35th and Lake Park Ave. Their mother told police she had to go to a part-time job and upon returning home, she learned that the girls were seen at the nearby Doolittle Elementary School, just two blocks away from their residence.
The Chicago police department is circulating photos showing Diamond to be aged progressed to five years old and Tionda to be aged progressed to 12-years old.
Anyone with information regarding the girls' whereabouts can do so in strict confidentiality by calling the Chicago Police Department's Cold Case Squad at (312) 746-9690; the 24-hour hotline at (312) 745-6007; or the Chicago office of the FBI at (312) 431-1333.
Rev. Jakes said there will be something of significance on July 6, the third anniversary of the girls' disappearance.
Article copyright REAL TIMES Inc.
Photograph (Diamond and Tionda)
Spanish Football Standings
| GP W D L GF GA Pts |
| Barcelona 30 24 3 3 87 24 75 |
| Real Madrid 29 21 3 5 67 31 66 |
| Sevilla 29 17 6 6 43 26 57 |
| Villarreal 30 13 9 8 45 42 48 |
| Valencia 29 13 7 9 52 41 46 |
| Malaga 30 13 7 10 47 47 46 |
| Atletico Madrid 29 12 7 10 58 47 43 |
| Deportivo La Coruna 29 12 7 10 38 40 43 |
| Valladolid 29 12 3 14 42 47 39 |
| Racing Santander 29 9 9 11 36 35 36 |
| Almeria 29 9 7 13 36 46 34 |
| Athletic Bilbao 29 9 7 13 39 49 34 |
| Sporting Gijon 29 11 0 18 36 61 33 |
| Osasuna 29 7 11 11 32 35 32 |
| Mallorca 29 8 8 13 34 48 32 |
| Real Betis 29 7 10 12 41 47 31 |
| Getafe 29 7 10 12 39 46 31 |
| Recreativo Huelva 30 7 9 14 27 43 30 |
| Numancia 29 8 3 18 33 59 27 |
| Espanyol 29 5 10 14 28 46 25 |
понедельник, 12 марта 2012 г.
Stalking elusive giant Palouse earthworm
The giant Palouse earthworm has taken on mythic qualities in this vast agricultural region that stretches from eastern Washington into the Idaho panhandle _ its very name evoking the fictional sandworms from "Dune" or those vicious creatures from the movie "Tremors."
The worm is said to secrete a lily-like smell when handled, spit at predators, and live in burrows 15 feet deep. There have only been four sightings.
But scientists hope to change that this summer with researchers scouring the Palouse regoin in hopes of finally finding the giant earthworm. Conservationists also want the Obama administration to protect it as an endangered species, even though there is scant scientific information about its existence.
"It absolutely exists," insisted Jodi Johnson-Maynard, a University of Idaho professor who is leading the search for the worm.
To prove it, she pulled out a glass tube containing the preserved remains of a fat, milky-white worm. One of Johnson-Maynard's graduate students found this specimen in 2005, and it is the only confirmed example of the species.
The worm in the tube is about six inches long, well short of the 3 feet that early observers of the worms in the late 1890s described. Documented collections of the species, known locally as GPE, have occurred only in 1978, 1988, 1990 and 2005.
The farmers who work the rich soil of the Palouse _ two million acres of rolling wheat fields near the Idaho-Washington border south of Spokane _ also haven't had much experience with the worm.
Gary Budd, who manages a grain elevator in Uniontown, said no farmer he knows has talked about seeing the worm. He compared the creature to Elvis.
"He gets spotted once in awhile too," Budd joked.
Johnson-Maynard and her team of worm hunters are working this summer at a university research farm and using three different methods to try and find a living worm.
One involves just digging a hole and sifting the soil through a strainer, looking for any worms that can be studied.
The second involves old-fashioned chemical warfare, pouring a liquid solution of vinegar and mustard onto the ground, irritating worms until they come to the surface.
The third method is new to this search, using electricity to shock worms to the surface.
"The electro shocker is pretty cool," said Joanna Blaszczak, a student at Cornell who is spending her summer working to find the worm alongside Shan Xu, a graduate student from Chengdu, China, and support scientist Karl Umiker.
The shocker can deliver up to 480 volts. That makes it dangerous to touch, and it could potentially fry a specimen.
On a recent day, Umiker drove eight 3-foot long metal rods into the ground in a small circle and connected them to batteries. Then he flipped the switches. The only sound for several minutes was the hum of a cooling fan.
"I'm kind of bummed we haven't seen anything yet," Umiker said.
Eventually, a small rust-colored worm dug its way to the surface. It was not a GPE, but it was collected for study anyway.
The GPE was described as common in the Palouse in the 1890s, according to an 1897 article in The American Naturalist by Frank Smith. Smith's work was based on four samples sent to him by R.W. Doane of Washington State University in nearby Pullman.
Massive agricultural development soon consumed nearly all of the unique Palouse Prairie _ a seemingly endless ocean of steep, silty dunes _ and appeared to deal a fatal blow to the worm.
They were considered extinct when Idaho graduate student Yaniria Sanchez-de Leon in 2005 stuck a shovel into the ground to collect a soil sample and found the worm that now is in the tube in Johnson-Maynard's office.
Conservation groups quickly petitioned the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to protect the worm as an endangered species, citing as proof the lack of sightings. But the agency said there simply was not enough scientific information to merit a listing.
Conservationists recently filed a second request, saying they had more information. They are also hoping the Obama administration will be more friendly than the Bush administration. The GPE would be the only worm protected as an endangered species.
Doug Zimmer of the Fish and Wildlife Service in Seattle said the agency isn't ready to comment on the petition.
"It's always good to see new information and good science on any species," Zimmer said.
Farmers are keeping a wary eye on the process.
"The concern is whether a listing is going to end up curtailing farming activities," said Dan Wood of the Washington State Farm Bureau. "I dont know if people plan to stop all farming for the possibility of a worm being somewhere."
Most earthworms found in the Northwest originated in Europe, arriving on plants or in soil shipped to the New World. The giant Palouse earthworm is one of the few native species, and has become quite popular with the public.
While it's tough to come by a live one, visitors seem happy to take a picture with a dead one. Johnson-Maynard said she has received calls from tourists who want to come to her office and be photographed with the specimen.
"A lot of people are curious about it," she said.
___
On the Web:
http://www.palouseprairie.org/invertebrates/palouseworm.html
Psychometric Properties of a Scale Focusing on Perceived Attributes of a Health Promoting School Approach
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The purpose of this paper was to investigate the psychometric properties of a newly-designed scale intended to measure the perceived attributes of a Health Promoting School initiative and its context in terms of factor structure, reliability and predictive validity. The scale was developed to explore possible predictors of the adoption of the Healthy School approach (HS) in Qu�bec.
Methods: Data were gathered from a 2007 cross-sectional study of 107 schools and 141 participants (school principals and school health promotion delegates). The scale was based on 7 attributes borrowed from the theories on diffusion of innovation. The factor structure of the scale was tested by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.
Results: The final scale included 14 items capturing 4 factors: school contextual barriers, collective efficacy, anticipated benefits and relative advantages. Reliability, in terms of internal consistency of the factors, ranged from a high of 0.85 to a low of 0.60. Three of the 4 factors significantly predicted HS adoption.
Conclusion: Overall, the scale showed good psychometric properties and may be useful to assess the attributes that could influence the adoption of this type of initiative.
Key words: Health promoting school; innovation; scale development; psychometrics
La traduction du r�sum� se trouve � la fin de l'article. Can J Public Health 2009;100(4):389-92.
In the last two decades, the "Health Promoting School" and the "Coordinated School Health Program", respectively from the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, have been advocated as effective approaches to promote health-related behaviours and well-being among school communities.1,2 These innovative approaches require moving from practices that rely mainly on classroom-based health education models to a more comprehensive, integrated model that includes both educational and environmental initiatives.3-8 In the province of Qu�bec (Canada), such a comprehensive approach has been offered since 2004 to all schools on a voluntary basis through the Healthy School approach (HS). As of March 2007, 17% of Qu�bec schools had adopted it.9
Despite the recognized potential of these approaches, few studies have evaluated the schools' capacity to implement them.10,11 Research on diffusion of such global approaches is therefore warranted to better assess their feasibility and efficiency in different contexts.12-14 Diffusion studies have consistently reported that key attributes of innovations, as perceived by prospective adopters, are a consistent factor explaining much of the variance in innovations' adoption rates.15-17 However, a review on diffusion of innovations also suggested that these attributes are not sure determinants of the adoption of complex innovations in organizations.16 The purpose of this paper was to assess the psychometric properties of a scale we developed to measure the HS attributes, as perceived by key school players; such an instrument is not yet available, though it could be useful to investigate their influence on HS adoption. Our results may prove valuable to guide strategic changes aimed at dissemination of the approach on a broader scale.
Studies on perceived attributes of innovation15,16 have been widely influenced by Rogers' Diffusion of innovation model17 which suggested 5 "standard" attributes, 4 of which seemed more relevant with regard to HS: 1) Relative advantages, the degree to which an innovation is perceived as an improvement compared to the idea or program it supersedes; 2) Compatibility, the degree to which an innovation is perceived as consistent with existing values, experiences and needs of potential adopters; 3) Complexity, the degree to which an innovation is perceived as complex to understand and use; and 4) Observability of benefits, the degree to which the benefits of an innovation are visible to intended adopters. Recent studies have also highlighted the potential contribution of the adaptability of the innovation, which refers to the potential of an innovation to be adapted or refined by the adopters to suit their needs.16,18 Perceived feasibility to implement an innovation in "real-world" settings may also strongly influence adoption of that innovation.18,19 Consequently, we retained 2 more attributes for scale construction: Beliefs in Collective efficacy to implement the innovation, and perceived Barriers in the school context.16,18
METHODS
Design and participants
Data reported in this article are part of a larger investigation that examined factors helping or hampering dissemination and adoption of HS in Qu�bec and were gathered from a 2007 crosssectional postal survey. Participants in this study were key players of schools, i.e., school principals and school health promotion delegates, belonging to school boards that had given them some information regarding HS. The questionnaire was pre-tested in a sample of 8 participants representing the 2 key players. Adjustments were made after the pre-test. Monetary incentives, prenotification, reminder letters, second questionnaire copy sent at follow-up, and assurance of confidentiality were included to increase response rates.20 Approval from the Ethics Committee of the Universit� du Qu�bec en Outaouais was obtained before conducting the study.
Among the 250 schools selected, 190 (76%) returned at least one questionnaire. A participant response rate of 58% was obtained (i.e., 291 out of 500). The assessment of HS attributes required basic knowledge of the innovation by participants. Furthermore, only participants who answered a minimum of 25 items on the initial 30-item scale were kept. Adoption status of HS had to be based on formal decisions within school to be considered in the study. The final sample included 107 schools and 141 school participants (86 principals and 55 health promotion delegates). Average participant age was 46 � 8.7 years, and the majority (62%) were women. Over half (55%) had a degree in education with 19 � 10.1 years of experience in a school setting.
Measures
The initial scale included 30 items related to the 7 previouslydefined attributes, some adapted from scales employed in similar contexts,21-23 others developed from constructs drawn from the literature on innovation diffusion. Participants had to indicate their level of agreement on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree".
Adoption of HS was the dependent variable and referred to the formal decision of a school to adopt the approach or not. School principals were considered as privileged sources of information for this variable.
Statistical analysis
Prior to any analyses, items with extreme values, presenting skewness coefficients >1 and kurtosis >1, having more than 5 missing values, or not being correlated with at least 1 of the other items (r<0.30), were withdrawn. For exploratory and confirmatory analyses, the sample was divided into two groups, i.e., Group A and Group B, which correspond respectively to school principals and school health promotion delegates.
Exploratory Factor Analysis
Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on group A (N=86) to investigate the factor structure of the scale. The initial solution was subjected to Varimax rotation with Kaiser's normalization (KMO) and based on known criteria.24
Cronbach?fs alpha was used to establish internal consistency of the subscales with a criterion of alpha acceptability of .0.60.25 Analyses were performed with SPSS, version 15.
Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA)
LISREL 8.8 was conducted in group B (N=55) and the overall group (N=141) to validate the model determined by exploratory analyses and to assess model fit, with the following indices: the �2 test (nonsignificant �2 is desirable); the ratio �2 / degree of freedom (df)<2; the comparative fit index (CFI); the Tucker-Lewis index (TLI); the goodness-of-fit index (GFI), where values above 0.90 or 0.95 indicate acceptable and excellent fit, respectively; the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA); and the root mean square residual (RMR), where values below .08 or .05 indicate acceptable and excellent fit, respectively. 26
Predictive Validity
Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to examine which perceived factors contributed to adoption vs. non-adoption of HS. As adoption is a school-based variable, scores from the 2 key players were averaged for each subscale prior to analysis.
RESULTS
Exploratory factor analysis
Results from the KMO and Bartlett's sphericity analysis showed that the data were suitable for factor analysis. One item with more than 5% of missing values was withdrawn from the 30 items prior to analysis. Iterative factorial analyses were performed to eliminate items strongly saturating on many factors, having low loading or not displaying a sufficient saturation threshold.27 The final analysis included 14 of the 29 items and resulted in a 4-factor solution accounting for 65% of the total variance in scores (Table 1). Factor loadings of the 14 items were all above 0.57.
The first factor of the model was School contextual barriers reflecting constraints related to HS implementation context. This factor explained the greatest percentage of variance (see Table 1). For 2 of the 4 items (#1, #4), the PCA results coincided with the classification operated a priori, while for the 2 others (#2, #3), they were initially classified under Complexity. The second factor was labelled Anticipated benefits, with 4 of its 5 items (#5, #7, #8, #9) congruent with the a priori classification intended to measure the construct Observability of benefits, and 1 item linked to Compatibility (#6). The third factor was related to one component of the HS context. The label Collective efficacy was retained for this factor. The a priori classification differed only for a single item (#11) that was classified as a Complexity attribute. The fourth component Relative advantages corresponded to the a priori classification.
Internal consistency
Reliability was good (α = 0.85) for the factor School contextual barriers and adequate for Anticipated benefits (α = 0.77) as well as for Collective efficacy (α = 0.73) (Table 1). The internal consistency of the fourth factor Relative advantages was lower (α = 0.60).
Confirmatory factorial analyses
The 14-item scale distributed on 4 factors was submitted to CFA on group B and the entire sample to verify the model established by exploratory factor analysis. According to maximum likelihood estimation, the results revealed adequate data fit (Table 2). Indeed, the great majority of adjustment indices respected the required threshold for significance.28 Indices representation quality also showed good adjustment to the empirical data. Correlation coefficients between these items were all higher than 0.30, and residual values were not above 2.58.29
Predictive validity of HS-perceived attributes
Perceived attributes of HS that reliably predicted adoption were School contextual barriers, Anticipated benefits and Collective efficacy (Table 3).
DISCUSSION
The final version of the scale included 14 items capturing 4 attributes of the HS approach. Each subscale was found to have good reliability, though Relative advantages, with only 2 items, had lower internal consistency. The 4-factor model was congruent with some of the constructs of innovation diffusion, but without reproducing exactly the attribute categories found in Rogers' model.16 Hence, Compatibility was not an attribute that stood out. Only 1 of the 3 items retained to measure this factor was kept: "HS is compatible with the wish of Qu�bec schools to establish a partnership between school, family and community", which was linked to the factor Anticipated benefits. Although its content refers to HS compatibility with certain values of the present school reform, it can also be perceived by school participants as an anticipated benefit. Concerning the attribute Observability, items were adapted to reflect that benefits of HS were more anticipated than observable. Items were worded accordingly and most of them were associated with the factor labelled Anticipated benefits. The third attribute of Rogers' model is Complexity. Three of 4 items retained to measure this attribute were found under the School contextual barriers factor in our model. Rogers' Complexity actually refers to 2 aspects of complexity: "difficult to understand" and "difficult to use". The 3 items associated with School contextual barriers concern difficulty in using HS, which is strongly connected to implementation context. Logically, the 2 attributes are therefore related. The item referring to "theoretical" complexity was excluded from the model because of low loading. Finally, all Adaptation items were withdrawn during factor analysis. This attribute might be more relevant during the implementation phase of HS since the actual challenge of transposing the innovation into practice occurs during that phase, when adaptations may be required.
Validity findings showed that Relative advantages was the only factor not significantly associated with adoption although previous studies had consistently identified it as one with great predictive value for adoption. We found that the greatest contribution in predicting HS adoption was made by the factor School contextual barriers. It could be argued, as mentioned by Greenhalgh et al.,16(p. 590) that "interaction between the innovation and its potential context is generally a more valid and useful construct than innovation attributes".
Limitations
Given that our goal was to develop an instrument for school respondents aware of the HS innovation, we constructed our sample accordingly. Because respondents were more likely to be "early adopters", 16 results should be interpreted within this context. Different factors may be more important at different stages of the diffusion process, and the extent to which the scale would be appropriate for these populations should be evaluated in future work.
On the whole, the scale appears to possess good psychometric properties and a conceptually coherent factor structure, which suggests that it has the potential to serve as a research tool to further explore dimensions that could have an impact on adoption of the HS approach. It also provides an indication of the successful early stage of diffusion for this type of innovation which can be tailorbased on the study findings reported here.
[Sidebar]
R�SUM�
Objectifs : L'objectif de cet article est de pr�senter les qualit�s psychom�triques d'un nouvel indice mesurant les attributs per�us d'une approche �cole en sant� (A�S), en termes de structure factorielle, de fid�lit� et de validit� pr�dictive.
M�thodes : Les donn�es proviennent d'une enqu�te postale men�e � l'automne 2007 aupr�s de 107 �coles du Qu�bec et de 141 participants scolaires (directeurs et responsables de la promotion de la sant�). La th�orie de la diffusion de Rogers ainsi que d'autres �crits sur la diffusion des innovations ont servi � la construction de l'indice. Deux analyses, exploratoire et confirmatoire, ont permis de tester la structure factorielle de l'indice.
R�sultats : L'indice obtenu inclut 14 items r�partis en 4 facteurs : contraintes dans l'environnement scolaire, efficacit� collective, b�n�fices anticip�s et avantages relatifs. La consistance interne de ces facteurs varie entre ,85 et ,60. Les trois premiers facteurs ont permis de pr�dire l'adoption de l'A�S.
Conclusion : Globalement, l'indice poss�de de bonnes qualit�s psychom�triques et peut s'av�rer utile pour �valuer l'influence des attributs de ce type d'approche sur son adoption par les �coles.
Mots cl�s : �cole en sant�; innovation; indice; qualit�s psychom�triques
[Reference]
REFERENCES
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3. St Leger L, Nutbeam D. A model for mapping linkages between health and education agencies to improve school health. J Sch Health 2000;70(2):45-50.
4. Parsons C, Stears D, Thomas C. The health promoting school in Europe: Conceptualising and evaluating the change. Health Educ J 1996;55(3):311-21.
5. Hoelscher DM, Evans A, Parcel GS, Kelder SH. Designing effective nutrition interventions for adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc 2002;102(3):S52-S63.
6. James WPT, Rigby NJ, Leach RJ, Kumanyika S, Lobstein T, Swinburn B. Global Strategies to Prevent Childhood Obesity: Forging a Societal Plan That Works. London, UK: International Association for the Study of Obesity/International Obesity Task Force, 2006.
7. Stewart-Brown S. What Is the Evidence on School Health Promotion in Improving Health or Preventing Disease and, Specifically, What Is the Effectiveness of the Health Promoting Schools Approach? Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization, 2006.
8. Warren JM, Henry CJK, Lightowler HJ, Bradshaw SM, Perwaiz S. Evaluation of a pilot school programme aimed at the prevention of obesity in children. Health Promot Int 2003;18(4):287-96.
9. Minist�re de la Sant� et des Services sociaux. Rapport annuel de gestion 2006- 2007 du minist�re de la Sant� et des Services sociaux. Qu�bec, QC: Gouvernement du Qu�bec, 2008.
10. Deschesnes M, Martin C, Jomphe Hill A. Comprehensive approaches to school health promotion: How to achieve broader implementation? Health Promot Int 2003;18(4):387-96.
11. Micucci S. Environmental interventions to improve nutrition and increase physical activity in children and youth. In: Thomas H, Ciliska D, Micucci S, Wilson-Abra J, Dobbins M (Eds.), Effectiveness of Physical Activity Enhancement and Obesity Prevention Programs in Children and Youth. Hamilton, ON: Effective Public Health Practice Project, 2004;223-64.
12. Inchley J, Muldoon J, Currie C. Becoming a health promoting school: Evaluating the process of effective implementation in Scotland. Health Promot Int 2006;22(1):65-71.
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15. Greenberg MR. The diffusion of public health innovations. Am J Public Health 2006;96(2):209-10.
16. Greenhalgh T, Robert G, MacFarlane F, Bate P, Kyriakidou O. Diffusion of innovations in service organizations: Systematic review and recommendations. Milbank Q 2004;82(4):581-629.
17. Rogers EM. Diffusion of Innovations. New York: Free Press, 2003.
18. Oldenburg B, Parcel GS. Diffusion of innovations. In: Glanz K, Rimer BK, Lewis FM (Eds.), Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2002;312-34.
19. Sussman S, Valente TW, Rohrbach LA, Skara S, Pentz M-A. Translation in the health professions: Converting science into action. Eval Health Prof 2006;29(1):7-32.
20. Edwards P, Roberts IG, Clarke MJ, Di Guiseppi C, Wentz R, Kwan I, et al. Methods to increase response rates to postal questionnaires. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;2:1-18.
21. Goldman D. Perceptions of innovations as predictors of implementation levels: The diffusion of a nation-wide health education campaign. Health Educ Q 1992;21(4):429-45.
22. Lafferty CK. Diffusion of an asset building innovation in three Portage County school districts: A model of individual change [dissertation]. Ann Arbor, MI: Kent State University, 2001.
23. Parcel GS, O'Hara-Tompkins NM, Harrist RB, Basen-Engquist KM, McCormick LK, Gottlieb NH, Eriksen MP. Diffusion of an effective tobacco prevention program. Part II: Evaluation of the adoption phase. Health Educ Res 1995;10(3):297-307.
24. Altman DG. Practical Statistics for Medical Research. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1991.
25. Nunnally JC, Bernstein IH. Psychometric Theory, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1994.
26. Loehlin JC. Latent Variable Models: An Introduction to Factor, Path, and Structural Equation Analysis. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1998.
27. Stevens J. Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2002.
28. Hu LT, Bentler PM. Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychol Methods 1998;3:424-53.
29. J�reskog KG, S�rbom D. Lisrel 7: A Guide to the Program and Applications. Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc., 1988.
Received: November 27, 2008
Accepted: April 15, 2009
[Author Affiliation]
Marthe Deschesnes, PhD,1 Fran�ois Trudeau, PhD,2 Mababou K�b�, MA3
[Author Affiliation]
Author Affiliations
1. Institut national de sant� publique du Qu�bec and Universit� du Qu�bec en Outaouais, Qu�bec, QC
2. Universit� du Qu�bec � Trois-Rivi�res, Trois-Rivi�res, QC
3. Institut national de sant� publique du Qu�bec, Qu�bec, QC
Correspondence and reprint requests: Dr. Marthe Deschesnes, Institut national de sant� publique du Qu�bec, 945, Wolfe Avenue, Qu�bec (QC) G1V 5B3, Tel: 418- 650-5115, ext. 5540, Fax: 418-650-1064, E-mail: Marthe.Deschesnes@inspq.qc.ca
Acknowledgements: This study was supported by a grant from the Fonds qu�b�cois de la recherche sur la soci�t� et la culture (FQRSC) in collaboration with the Fonds de la recherche en sant� du Qu�bec (FRSQ), the Ministry of Health and Social Services and the Centre de recherche en pr�vention de l'ob�sit�.
Defector: Kim's Ouster Would Stop Nukes
SEOUL, South Korea - The man once considered the mentor of North Korean leader Kim Jong Il said Tuesday that the reclusive country's nuclear weapons program cannot be stopped unless the strongman is ousted.
But Kim's total grip on the communist society makes that only a remote possibility, Hwang Jang Yop, the highest-ranking North Korean government official ever to defect to South Korea, told The Associated Press.
The 83-year-old Hwang, wearing a lapel badge in the shape of the South Korean national flag, is also skeptical that United Nations sanctions imposed on the North for a nuclear test explosion will hurt Kim's rule.
"I don't think his grip on power will be significantly weakened," Hwang said, adding that South Korea continues to give aid to North Korea, while other countries, most notably China and Russia, are opposed to the idea of pressuring the North.
Hwang, who seldom gives interviews, made his surprising defection in 1997 when he and an aide took refuge in the South Korean embassy in Beijing while on a visit to the Chinese capital. At the time, he was a longtime member of the North's elite, serving as secretary of the ruling Workers' Party.
He had been close to the country's founder, Kim Il Sung, the father of Kim Jong Il, and is often described as the younger Kim's former mentor. Hwang is also widely seen as the intellectual architect of the North's "juche" philosophy of self sufficiency.
After intense negotiations between China and South Korea, Hwang eventually left Beijing for the Philippines, where he stayed briefly before making his way to Seoul.
Now under police protection 24 hours a day to prevent any North Korean attempt on his life, Hwang said the six-nation talks aimed at ending the North's nuclear weapons program will not resolve the crisis.
He said South Korea, the U.S., China, Russia and Japan should not bargain with the North. They should instead isolate the regime, he said, calling it an "international criminal organization and the enemy of democracy."
The North's nuclear test last week was not Kim's last card and the North Korean leader could still test fire more missiles like he did in July and even mount nuclear warheads on them, Hwang said.
"It is nonsense to urge the North to abandon its nuclear weapons with Kim in place," he said.
Hwang said China is key to bringing an end to Kim's regime.
China is the last remaining ally and main aid donor to its impoverished neighbor, but their relations have been strained by Beijing's support of the U.N. resolution. Still, Beijing succeeded in blocking an even tougher one pushed by the U.S. and Japan.
"No Chinese officials like the North Korean leader, but they keep him in power," Hwang said, adding that Kim's regime serves Beijing's interests by helping keep U.S. influence in the region at bay.
Hwang said the best-case scenario would be if the North pursued economic openness and reform in trying to rebuild its dismal economy, which he said would likely lead eventually to Kim's overthrow and naturally resolve the nuclear dispute.
But Hwang doubts that will happen. "Kim Jong Il actually fears Chinese-style economic reform and openness coming to North Korea," he said.
Welcome to. . . INDIE CANADIANA: KINGSTON, ONTARIO
MAPPING THE SCENE IN CANADA'S SMALLER TOWNS AND CITIES
Is there a burgeoning indie scene in your town? Pitch the places you love to assisteditor(p)brokenpencil.com and get your town mapped here.
* In order to cover indie culture outside the urban scene, we're excluding all provincial and territorial capital cities, as well as Vancouver, Montreal, Calgary, Hamilton, Ottawa, Moncton, Saint John and Saskatoon from this column.
1 AKA AUTONOMOUS SOCIAL CENTRE
75 Queen Street, akakingston.org
Co-op space that hosts events and houses the Miasma Infoshop: a "radical literature distributor" and lending library.
2 THE ARTEL
205 Sydenham Street, the-artel.ca
Arts centre, performing space and home to rotating group of live-in artists.
2 THE SLEEP LESS GOAT
91 Princess Street, thegoat.ca
Workers-run caf� and hangout spot for alternative Kingston folks.
4 CFRC RADIO
Lower Carruthers Hall, Queen's University, cfrc.ca/blog
Community radio station that trains newbies in broadcasting great Canadian air waves.
5 NATIONALGROCERS BUILDING STUDIO
12 Cataraqui Street notyoumormalschool.blogspot.com
Warehouse studio for potters, metal smiths, ceramists and other craft artists.
6 THE MODERN FUEL
21 Queen St. modemfuel.org
Gallery that specializes in showcasing young artists. Bonus - it rents out recording equipment.
7 IDE CHITHALEN MEMORIAL MUSICAL LENDING LIBRARY
559 Bagot Street, joesmul.org
Registered charity that lends out guitars, drums, keyboards and other instruments - some for up to six months.
8 THE FRUIT BELT
Named after a cluster of fruit and treetitled streets, this 'hood just north of Kingston's main drag, Princess Street, has become home to young artistic types over the last decade. (Laura Trethewey)
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